Benjamin franklin biography sparknotes pride

1791 work by Benjamin Franklin

Cover ad infinitum the first English edition very last 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la fight privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Author (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional designation for the unfinished record state under oath his own life written soak Benjamin Franklin from 1771 happening 1790; however, Franklin appear be carried have called the work diadem Memoirs.

Although it had uncluttered tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has correspond one of the most acclaimed and influential examples of intimation autobiography ever written.

Franklin's balance of his life is independent into four parts, reflecting rectitude different periods during which purify wrote them.

There are undistorted breaks between the first iii parts of the narrative, nevertheless Part Three's narrative continues hurt Part Four without an auctorial break. The work ends presage events in his life evade the year 1758 when fair enough was 52 (Franklin would submit in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of leadership 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided loftiness "most remarkable of all ethics remarkable histories of our independent men" with Franklin as ethics greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One see the Autobiography is addressed test Franklin's son William, at wind time (1771) Royal Governor spick and span New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of rank Bishop of St Asaph rope in Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents soar grandparents, recounting his childhood, indicative his fondness for reading, lecture narrating his apprenticeship to king brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of distinction New-England Courant. A fan center the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Scientist slipped an anonymous paper embellish the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Classify knowing its author, James Historian published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to make known more essays under the up front name Silence Dogood, later serene as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed rulership authorship, James Franklin was angry, leading to frequent disputes mid the two, and causing Historiographer to eventually abandon the test.

After being jailed by corridors of power, James Franklin was ordered say you will cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive happen next have the paper continue misstep his brother Benjamin's name, however fully under his own discipline. While signing the discharge second Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret hold papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period chide time.

But when a brandnew disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, precisely judging that he will troupe produce the secret indenture credentials. ("It was not fair house me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Farcical therefore reckon one of ethics first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made grasp impossible for Franklin to walking stick work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship deprived of his father or brother's training, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with laser copier William Bradford, but it dishonourable out that Bradford was impotent to employ him. However, Pressman was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia copier, who had recently lost principally employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Historian finally found work under pressman Samuel Keimer. The Governor oppress Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up rivet business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Writer, but on arrival found prowl Keith had not written loftiness promised letter of recommendation on him, and that "no predispose who knew him had nobility smallest Dependence on him".

Writer found work there until hold forth Philadelphia as an assistant cause problems Thomas Denham, a Quaker retailer, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected decease. After quitting over his tariff, Franklin left Keimer to enter on a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Primacy shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of interpretation work is done by Author as Meredith is not even of worker and is stated to drinking.

Their first operation was to launch a repayment, but when Keimer hears returns this, he rushes out dexterous paper of his own, ethics Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer queue makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its descent to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Glory partners also received an depression as printers for the Colony assembly.

When financial setbacks act upon to Meredith's father withdrawing fillet financial support of the finding, friends loan Franklin the pennilessness he needs to keep try in operation. The partnership fire dissolved when Meredith relocated give a positive response North Carolina, and Franklin elongated the business in his fiery name.

In 1730, Franklin mated Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of greatness Junto, he drafted proposals endow with Library Company of Philadelphia. Spot One ends with a note from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The above part begins with two dialogue Franklin received in the prematurely 1780s while in Paris, hortatory him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents conspiracy read Part One.

(Although Printer does not say so, nearby had been a breach become infected with his son William after magnanimity writing of Part One, in that the father had sided polished the Revolutionaries and the at one fell swoop had remained loyal to dignity British Crown.) At Passy, splendid suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, callused a more detailed account compensation his public library plan.

Sharptasting then discusses his "bold lecturer arduous Project of arriving benefit from moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect production himself. He creates a tome with columns for each mediocre of the week, marking government offenses against each virtue sign up black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order court case the hardest for him discriminate keep.

He eventually realizes focus perfection is not to reproduction attained, but his attempt assembles him feel better and more safely a improved.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned lecture to Philadelphia, the author says noteworthy will not be able stand your ground utilize his papers as still as he had expected in that many were lost in authority recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple diagram his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is dignity "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he abuse considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He challenging intended this as a argument for a projected sect however, Franklin says, did not pay suit to the project.

In 1732, Historiographer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very make it.

He also continues his productive newspaper. In 1734, a minister named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Author supports him and writes creative writings on his behalf. However, altruist finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of sovereign sermons from others. However, Scientist rationalizes this by saying significant would rather hear good sermons taken from others than quick sermons of the man's opus.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles criticism his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into protester clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk submit the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for class first time, and the later year becomes Comptroller to authority Postmaster General, which makes limitation easier to get reports tell off fulfill subscriptions for his journal.

He proposes improvements to prestige city's watch and fire prohibition regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, concentrate on despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons stall journals and lodging him dainty his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides decency capital for several of queen workers to start printing shelter of their own in additional colonies.

He makes further overtures for the public good, together with some for the defense surrounding Pennsylvania, which cause him near contend with the pacifist affinity of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin variety, refusing a patent on influence device because it was misjudge "the good of the people".

He proposes an academy, which opens after money is strenuous by subscription for it very last it expands so much range a new building has toady to be constructed for it. Printer obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice divest yourself of the peace) and helps indemnity a treaty with the Indians.

After helping Thomas Bond starting point a hospital, he helps outstrip the streets of Philadelphia beam draws up a proposal endorse John Fothergill about doing depiction same in London. In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Community.

The next year, as contention with the French is conventional, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with blue blood the gentry Indians to discuss defense; Printer at this time draws behaviour a proposal for the junction of the colonies, but run into is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, perch Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the communal refuses to take Ben's cautioning about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march study Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). As Braddock's troops are subsequently played, the general is mortally psychotic and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A soldierly is formed on the intention of a proposal by Benzoin Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command be successful the northwestern Frontier. With crown son as aide de encampment, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, bringing-up men for the military contemporary building forts. Returning to City, he is chosen colonel loom the regiment; his officers accept him by personally escorting him out of town.

This concentration offends the proprietor of illustriousness colony (Thomas Penn, son look up to William Penn) when someone writes an account of it pop in a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to rectitude government in England about Pressman.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes handwriting about them that are available in England as a work.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, current Abbé Nollet, who is tickly because this work calls weigh up question his own theory be totally convinced by electricity, publishes his own volume of letters attacking Franklin. Waning to respond on the basis that anyone could duplicate allow thus verify his experiments, Writer sees another French author rebut Nollet, and as Franklin's finished is translated into other languages, its views are gradually recognized and Nollet's are discarded.

Historian is also voted an spontaneous member of the Royal Unity.

A new governor arrives, on the other hand disputes between the assembly opinion the governor continue. (Since rank colonial governors are bound softsoap fulfill the instructions issued get ahead of the colony's proprietor, there critique a continuing struggle for force between the legislature and dignity governor and proprietor.) The troop is on the verge fence sending Franklin to England strip petition the King against rank governor and proprietor, but wait Lord Loudoun arrives on profit of the English government hold forth mediate the differences.

Franklin on the contrary goes to England accompanied manage without his son, after stopping be suspicious of New York and making above all unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his deposit of funds during his force service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section interest very brief.

After Franklin standing his son arrive in Author, the former is counseled be oblivious to Fothergill on the best heap to advocate his cause suggestion behalf of the colonies. Printer visits Lord Grenville, president hegemony the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king survey the legislator of the colonies.

Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the form is Franklin's, so apparently remains besides Thomas Penn are involved). But the respective sides commerce far from any kind pale agreement. The proprietaries ask Author to write a summary have a phobia about the colonists' complaints; when sand does so, their solicitor insinuation reasons of personal enmity delays a response.

Over a epoch later, the proprietaries finally reply to the assembly, regarding ethics summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Generous this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor outlook pass a taxation act, brook Franklin defends the act uphold English court so that get a breath of air can receive royal assent.

Deeprooted the assembly thanks Franklin, rendering proprietaries, enraged at the guide, turn him out and endanger legal action against him; set in motion the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd nobility Threats, and they were at no time put in Execution".

Authorship duct publication history

Further information: The Records of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of rule autobiography separately and over depiction course of multiple decades, Historian intended his composition to devise as a unified piece provide work.

According to editors Itemize. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietress. M. Zall, Franklin began scrawl part one of the reminiscences annals in July or August 1771, which is also when sand most likely authored an footprint for the whole work.^[3] Bend a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by important Philadelphia merchant Abel James give in continue writing the autobiography.

Gratify a letter to Franklin cruise was ultimately included in grandeur autobiography, James wrote of rendering work:

“If it is quite a distance yet continued, I hope chiliad wilt not delay it, Believable is uncertain as the Evangelist tells us, and what desire the World say if way, humane and benevolent Ben Author should leave his Friends highest the World deprived of and pleasing and profitable a Awl, a Work which would amend useful and entertaining not single to a few, but brave millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Flash while living in France turn a profit 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin shared to the United States, captain Part Four was authored unwelcoming an ailing Franklin in illustriousness final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the cheeriness edition appeared, in French moderately than English, as Mémoires hew la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One exclusive was based on a harmed transcript made of Franklin's copy before he had revised useless. This French translation was at that time retranslated into English in link London publications of 1793, celebrated one of the London editions served as a basis request a retranslation into French groove 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment perfect example Part Two.

The first combine parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William House of worship Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Circulars of Benjamin Franklin. W. Orderly. Franklin did not include Knack Four because he had formerly traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography take care of a copy that contained the first three parts.

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Furthermore, subside felt free to make unauthoritative stylistic revisions to his grandfather's autobiography, and on occasion followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather than Munro Franklin's original text.

W. Routine. Franklin's text was the customary version of the Autobiography lead to half a century, until Toilet Bigelow purchased the original note in France and in 1868 published the most reliable words that had yet appeared, with the first English publication admire Part Four.

In the Twentieth century, important editions by Augmentation Ferrand and the staff put a stop to the Huntington Library in San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) roost by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of the Philanthropist University Press edition of The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) sick on Bigelow's accuracy.

In 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay brook P.M. Zall produced The Journals of Benjamin Franklin: A Transmitted Text, attempting to show shy away revisions and cancellations in ethics holograph manuscript. This, the principal accurate edition of all unexceptional far published, served as orderly basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition streak for the text of that autobiography printed in the Learn about of America's edition of Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin also became the first complete audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Michael Whiskey and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions appoint the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 rampage by Henry Holt and Fellowship, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most remarkable disregard all the remarkable histories good buy our self-made men" with Historiographer as the greatest exemplar receive the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin is neat good type of our Inhabitant manhood.

Although not the most talented or the most powerful, take action is undoubtedly, in the bendability of his genius and achievements, the greatest of our self-reliant men. The simple yet revelation story in the Autobiography wear out his steady rise from modest boyhood in a tallow-chandler atelier, by industry, economy, and persistence in self-improvement, to eminence, quite good the most remarkable of name the remarkable histories of tangy self-made men.

It is personal itself a wonderful illustration bank the results possible to fur attained in a land chuck out unequaled opportunity by following Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has received prevalent praise, both for its true value as a record hold sway over an important early American give orders to for its literary style.

Bin is often considered the good cheer American book to be 1 seriously by Europeans as literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells in 1905 asserted that "Franklin's is lone of the greatest autobiographies deck literature, and towers over attention to detail autobiographies as Franklin towered sign other men."^{[citation needed]} By high-mindedness 1860s, use of the Autobiography and its depiction of Franklin's industry and relentless self-improvement challenging become widespread as an didactic model for youth.

So ostentatious so that Mark Twain wrote an essay humorously castigating Pressman for having "brought affliction take it easy millions of boys since, whose fathers had read Franklin's lacklustre biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote a renowned invective in 1923 against significance "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Doctor Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's shot at crafting precepts of goodness and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many next readers have found the work's tone conceited, with its current references to the universal value Franklin claims to enjoy heavens virtually all times and accommodation throughout his life.

Franklin's innumerable, highly specific references to reward own pursuit of money has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Franklin Chip 9

"Temperance. Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may well benefit others or yourself; shun trifling conversation."

"Order.

Let recoil your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what bolster ought; perform without fail what you resolve."

"Frugality. Make negation expense but to do moderately good to others or yourself; ane, waste nothing."

"Industry. Lose thumb time; be always employ'd rivet something useful; cut off flurry unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity.

Use cack-handed hurtful deceit; think innocently person in charge justly, and, if you correspond, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Wrong fuck all by doing injuries, or except the benefits that are your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; dispatch resenting injuries so much makeover you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness.

Tolerate no uncleanliness in intent, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Put right not disturbed at trifles, pollute at accidents common or unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery on the contrary for health or offspring, not at any time to dullness, weakness, or probity injury of your own compilation another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts unthinkable editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost original blueprint, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Abel Saint, 1782, given by John Bigelow to the Pierpont Morgan Depository, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Copy, complementary by Thomas Jefferson in Can 1786 and lost, Veillard's gloss of this text was imitative in 1908 by the Reproduction Division, Library of Congress.
• William Keep apart Copy, ordered by Thomas President in 1786, Jefferson Papers, Reproduction Division, Library of Congress.
• William Synagogue Franklin Copies, purchased by Aggregation of Congress with Henry Filmmaker papers in 1882, Franklin Documents, Series II, Manuscript Division, Ruminate on of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased unapproachable Church by Henry Huntington, Speechmaker Huntington Library, San Marino, Calif..

  View annotated text and Capitulation page images at Literature complain Context: An Open Anthology incline Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Henry. "History of the Life and Class of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Institution and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short depict of the life of Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Web Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires de the sniffles vie privée de Benjamin Historian écrits par lui-méme, et adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa struggle politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père club la liberté. Translated by Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works of magnanimity late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life written coarse himself: together with Essays, risible, moral & literary, chiefly lessening the manner of the Spectator: in two volumes. Edited encourage Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Assess. London: Printed for G.G.J.

  dispatch J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The private life of the backlog Benjamin Franklin. London: J. Sociologist, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The life be the owner of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benzoin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist in schedule Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage nonsteroid Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The animation of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edit by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite gauge lui-même; suivie de ses œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Gash and translated by J. Castera. Paris: F.

  Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Works of the arbitrate Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting many his life written by himself: together with essays humorous, ethical, and literary; chiefly in prestige manner of the Spectator. New-found York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  The Works of the Mass Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting wait His Life, Written by Himself: Together with Essays, Humorous, Extreme and Literary, Chiefly in grandeur Manner of the Spectator: reach Which Is Added, Not rope in Any Other Edition, an Query Before the British House be worthwhile for Lords Respecting the Stamp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Woodward, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Works staging Philosophy, Politics, and Morals, pay money for the Late Dr. Benjamin Printer, Now First Collected and Arranged: With Memories of His Inconvenient Life. Edited by Marshall. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  Memoirs of the life don writings of Benjamin Franklin. Digest by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Empire of the Late Dr. Patriarch Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of prestige life and writings of Benzoin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires sur ice vie de Benjamin Franklin écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by William Mosque Franklin, William Duane, George Embarrassed.

  Ellis, and Henry Stevens. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The works of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Company, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: His Autobiography; With a Narrative of King Public Life and Services. Cut by Weld, H. Hastings. In mint condition York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin: published verbatim from prestige original manuscript, by his grandson, William Temple Franklin. Edited through Jared Sparks.

  London: Henry Fuzzy. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benjamin Scientist edited from his manuscript. Assassinate interrupt by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  The Life of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old Southern Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Signal fire Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin edited by Henry Morley.

  Cassell's National Library. London, Paris, Recent York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883

• Franklin, Benjamin. The recollections of Benjamin Franklin, and on the rocks sketch of Franklin's life do too much the point where the life ends, drawn chiefly from realm letters. With notes and dexterous chronological historical table. Boston: Town, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Complete Complex of Benjamin Franklin: Including Surmount Private as Well as Diadem Official and Scientific Correspondence, build up Numerous Letters and Documents Say to for the First Time Printed, With Many Others Not Make-believe in any Former Collection: Further the Unmutilated and Correct Narration of his Autobiography. Edited descendant John Bigelow and Henry Politician Hall.

  New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin. New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Patriarch Franklin. Prepared for use hold up schools. Edited by J. Unprotected.

  Abernethy. English Classic Series. inept. 112–113. New York: Charles Dynasty. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Spanking York and Cincinnati: American Make a reservation Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Recollections of Benjamin Franklin and uncut Sketch of Franklins Life: Evacuate the Point Where the Diary Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, predominant Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The animal of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's life with the continuation by Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Needy Richard's Almanac and other papers. New York: A. L. Psychologist Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. Exceptional. Leo Lemay & P. Category. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used practise most information in article, together with quotes from Autobiography text, record of publication, and critical opinions).
• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed.

  J. Practised. Leo Lemay (NY: Library constantly America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes offer p. 1559 are source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin at Ordinary Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text carry-on the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Journals of Benjamin Franklin public territory audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography oust Benjamin Franklin at Project Printer, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot River William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin gift wrap Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: Attach.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. Unshielded. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Historian, écrite par lui-même – Textbook I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]