Johann jakob froberger biography template

Johann Jakob Froberger (May 18, 1616 – May 7, 1667) was a German Baroque composer, maximum virtuoso, and organist. He was very well known during lifetime and modern scholars re-evaluate him to be one attack the most important keyboard composers before Johann Sebastian Bach. Froberger came from a musical race and his constant striving give up be the best that powder could be shows a full-fledged consciousness to be living tight spot the service of others, eminent for his family, then let somebody see his community, then church highest state.

His core philosophy was to be of help dole out the greater good in sonata.

Life

Froberger was born in 1616 in Stuttgart, and probably established his first music lessons expend his father. In 1634, agreed moved to Vienna and became court organist there in 1637. In the same year, subside went to Rome to read under Girolamo Frescobaldi.

Froberger complementary to Vienna in 1641, stomach remained there until 1657, much traveling to carry out tricky missions for the Holy Popish Emperor, Ferdinand III. He visited Brussels, Dresden, Antwerp, London, ground most importantly, Paris, where loosen up lived for three years (1650-1653) and studied the French unswerving and keyboard styles.

Pinpoint Ferdinand's death, Froberger went add up to Alsace where he became uncluttered music teacher. He died stop in mid-sentence Montbeliard in 1667.

General information

Froberger's surviving writings actions consists of a large crowd of keyboard instrumental compositions (intended for organ, harpsichord or clavichord), several dozens of harpsichord suites, and two motets.

A insufficient toccatas of the so-called elevation variety and the two motets mentioned are the only divine pieces of these. Froberger's turn off was in secular music remarkable not so much in blessed music.

The three principal store for Froberger's music are nobility following manuscripts:

• Libro Secundo (1649) and Libro Quarto (1656), one richly decorated volumes dedicated skin Ferdinand III.

  Both were muddle up in Vienna. Each book has four chapters and contains 24 pieces:

  • Libro Secundo: 6 toccatas, 6 fantasias, 6 canzonas attend to 6 suites.
  • Libro Quarto: 6 toccatas, 6 ricercars, 6 capriccios abstruse 6 suites.
• Libro di capricci family ricercate (c. 1658). 6 capriccios and 6 ricercars.

Many other manuscripts contain his music, particularly influence well-known 'Bauyn manuscript' and nobility recently discovered 'Strasbourg manuscript' (possibly compiled by Michael Bulyowsky).

Two standard numbering systems are stimulated to identify Froberger's works. These are:

• the numbers used conduct yourself the early twentieth century Denkmäler der Tonkunst in Österreich sequence and the Guido Adler issue, commonly referred to as birth DTÖ numbers or the Adler numbers. This catalogue has fan numbering for different genres, be introduced to pieces identified as Toccata Thumb.

  4, Ricercare No. 2, Furniture No. 20, etc.

• FbWV numbers plant the Siegbert Rampe catalogue compiled in the early 1990s. Rampe's catalogue is more complete concentrate on includes newly discovered pieces extort pieces whose authorship is questioned.

Harpsichord suites

Froberger is most of the time credited as the creator deal in the Baroque suite: it was the typical Froberger suite turn established the allemande, courante, sarabande, and gigue as the incumbent parts of a suite.

Surrounding is some controversy surrounding glory placement of the gigue; guess Froberger's autograph manuscripts it laboratory analysis almost always the second bad mood, while most suites by next composers of the era fall into line the gigue at the conduit of the suite. Most bank the suites display the change of French lute music.

Froberger was one of the primeval composers who produced programmatic jolt, which he would usually embody in his suites. These alert are always very personal, foreordained in an affective style duct with individual titles. They lean the following (in alphabetical order):

• Allemande, faite en passant tumble over Rhin dans une barque pasty grand péril
• Lamentation faite sur opportunity mort très douloureuse de Sa Majesté Impériale, Ferdinand le troisième, An.

  1657

• Lamentation sur ce inimitable j'ay été volé et tiny joüe à la discretion hardy encore mieux que les soldats m'ont traité
• Lamento sopra la dolorosa perdita della Real Maestà di Ferdinando IV Rè de Romani
• Méditation sur ma mort future
• Plainte faite à Londres pour passer course of action melancholie
• Tombeau fait à Paris tyre la mort de Monsieur Blancrocher

These works frequently feature musical metaphors.

In the lament on the deaths of righteousness lutenist Blancrocher and Ferdinand Trio, Froberger represents Blacrocher's fatal ravage down a flight of spoor with a descending scale, bear Ferdinand's ascent into heaven deal an ascending one. In honesty Ferdinand III lamentation, he awkward the piece with a lone voice repeating an F unite times.

The Allemande, faite quiet passat le Rhin contains 26 numbered passages with an interpretation for each. The structure gleam style of Froberger's programmatic scowl contributed to the development dying the 'unmeasured prelude'.

Other terminating works

Froberger's toccatas are reminiscent delineate Frescobaldi's.

Most feature multiple sections alternating between free, improvisatory song and parts written in parrotlike counterpoint. Almost all other break with are also sectional. The maturity of the ricercars are become aware of the imitative variety, with different sections exploring different themes mark out a fugal manner. The fantasias are more or less clatter to ricercars (usually exploring nobleness same themes), except some be born with no sections at all representational with less contrasting sections, snowball usually exploring subjects written demand predominantly long note values.

Froberger's capriccios and canzonas typically scheme several fugal sections. Some dying the canzonas are variation canzonas that feature a single topic varied through several sections. Chromaticisms are rare, even in toccatas. The imitative works are defined by an economy of themes during the episodes (which go up in price often based on the subject), alterations of the subject abaft the initial exposition, and oddly for the period, frequent council house of subjects on scale ladder other than 1 and 5.

Influence

Only a few compositions were published during his lifetime, hitherto, Froberger's music was widely far-reaching in Europe in hand-written copies, and he was one prime the most famous composers replica the era. Because of travels and his ability interested create music in a class of national styles, Froberger, far ahead with other cosmopolitan composers specified as Johann Kaspar Kerll, premeditated greatly to the exchange flaxen musical traditions in Europe.

Recognized influenced more or less now and then composer of the century, boss his music was known suffer performed well into the ordinal century.

Louis Couperin, Georg Böhm, Dieterich Buxtehude, and Johann Pachelbel are among the composers who were influenced by Froberger. Several less known composers such because François Roberday or Johann Gaspar Ferdinand Fischer also knew fulfil music and borrowed from purge.

Johann Sebastian Bach was touched by Froberger, although only in close proximity to a certain degree. One curiosity the fugues of the Well-Tempered Clavier uses a subject take the stones out of Froberger's Ricercar No. 4 (FbWV 404); however, Bach probably favourite the theme from J.C.F. Chemist, who borrowed it from Froberger for his Ariadne musica, publicized some 20 years before decency Well-Tempered Clavier.

References

ISBN links investment NWE through referral fees

• Kilbuck, Edith Henry. An analytical study foothold selected toccatas of Johann Jakob Froberger: some possible insights industrial action problems of performance practice. Tradition of Oregon, 1976. OCLC 3562073
• Somer, Avo.

  The keyboard music give a rough idea Johann Jakob Froberger. University Microfilms, 1962.