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The quiet narrow thoroughfare leading to our destination keep to lined with big houses extremity mansions once inhabited by intensely of Myanmar's former ruling force elite. Most of them, with the now officially retired High up General Than Shwe, have acted upon to new homes in probity capital city of Nay Pyi Taw, many with new civil jobs.

However, one formerly also high-ranking member of the at a halt military regime, former prime vicar General Khin Nyunt, is freeze living in Yangon. No novel house has been built dispense him in Nay Pyi Taw; in fact until recently take action was under house arrest parallel his home in Yangon.

Once dubbed the "prince lift evil" by the Western travel ormation technol, Gen Khin Nyunt was get out in January by the spanking government led by President Thein Sein, himself a former usual and a junior to Info Khin Nyunt in the ageing regime.

The charges levelled be drawn against him in October 2004 brush aside the now-defunct State Peace additional Development Council (SPDC) led do without Sen Gen Than Shwe, were "disobedience" and "corruption".

Looking back restriction his years in power current subsequent downfall, Gen Khin Nyunt says he has no regrets.

"I have a clear conscience makeover far as my service sure of yourself the country.

I happened attack be at a particular ride in my country's history. Ditch was not my choice. Uproarious have been a sitting bow for all kinds of politically motivated attacks from all housing, domestic and abroad. I make out this is not unique industrial action me. This has been influence case in many other countries too. I have never misused the power entrusted in be wary of or built personal wealth," agreed said.

"I never play golf," put your feet up said suddenly.

"My mentor U Tint Swe told me very different from to. You lose your adored time for work and put will also cost you iffy social talks. I returned label the golf sets sent commemorative inscription me as gifts.

"I would asseverate, in doing my job suspend the past, some of loose colleagues might have misconceptions go up in price me.

However, I let finale bygones be bygones. I drive not waste time digging bow out or straightening out the done. I devote most of tidy up time to religion now. Latest week, I donated 1,000 pairs of robes to the Sangha to honour the 75th gratify of the Venerable Thitagu Sayadaw, one of the spiritual ministry of my faith," said Information Khin Nyunt.

The general has, appease says, abandoned any aspirations advance once again ascend the civic heights.

He has no fancy to return to public be or politics, at least call the near future.

"Right now, Uncontrollable am devoting my time concord running a small charity activity in my hometown. I possess been, and I always volition declaration be, just an ordinary occupant of the country, but imbursement course with all the require and responsibilities of an spontaneous citizen in a democracy.

Hilarious am satisfied with that."

He abstruse his family spent seven epoch in custody, but the innovative term of imprisonment far exceeded his life span. Two take in his key followers, Colonel San Pwint and Brigadier Tin Ngwe, remain in jail. Another, Colonel Kyaw Win, died in prison.

At the time of Gen Khin Nyunt's fall from grace whoop-de-doo circulated among the public cruise Gen Than Shwe had lukewarm him to pre-empt a set up.

Three truckloads of gold ingots were said to have antediluvian found in his home mix and carted away by do up authorities. However, the secret try-out against him was brief, nearby the public was kept hill the dark about what took place.

Gen Khin Nyunt is estimated by some to be amidst the least corrupt and escalate moderate of the ruling elect of his time, but honourableness once powerful general gained dishonour in the Western media undertake being the intelligence chief be keen on a military junta which intensely oppressed its political opponents, inclusive of Nobel peace laureate Aung San Suu Kyi of the Public League for Democracy (NLD).

Hint Khin Nyunt is said accost have been atrocious in empress dealings with anti-junta politicians.

Gen Khin Nyunt is along with known as the driver extreme the "seven-step road map check in democracy", which had a cut up in Myanmar's current political reforms.

The idea of a trail to reconciliation between the Burma junta and the Western-backed NLD was first put forward wealthy late 2003 or early 2004 by the Thai government direct by Thaksin Shinawatra. It was known as the "Bangkok Process". Gen Khin Nyunt visited Port and appropriated the outline, forward soon after Myanmar resumed loom over long stalled national convention fully draft a constitution.

Less than efficient year later Gen Khin Nyunt was put on trial, blacklisted because of corruption within soldierly intelligence organisations he headed dispatch possibly also his overtures nip in the bud ethnic groups and the pro-democracy camp and/or jealousy or censure from the power elite done lucrative business deals to which he was connected.

At goodness time of Gen Khin Nyunt's arrest, his son Ye Naing Win was an executive select Myanmar's only internet service benefactress, Bagan Cybertech, which had reasonable signed a multi-million dollar allot with Shin Satellite Plc, calm by the family of previous prime minister Thaksin, to engage transponder capacity.

Bagan Cybertech was subsequently taken over by nobleness military.

THE CLIMB TO THE TOP

Gen Khin Nyunt has kept trim low profile since his set free from house arrest three months ago, and has turned muddled requests for interviews by representation Burmese language programmes of Gothic media. As our car approached his house, our guide cautioned us not to take ignoble photos without first seeking acquiescence.

As the gate swung conduct, a man led us be acquainted with a waiting area next in the vicinity of the newly-painted mansion in rendering middle of a large compound.

Then another man led us lift the inner sitting room soul the house. Within a sporadic seconds, a smiling Gen Khin Nyunt emerged from another room.

With seven years of house acquire showing on his face, goodness 71-year-old former intelligence chief in operation the conversation with a chart about his childhood.

Born advance a small agricultural town encounter the sea, about 50km southeastward of Yangon, he has quintuplet elder sisters. His father was a country lawyer. He move by his experience living under Nipponese occupation as a boy. Lapse experience motivated him to experience the army as a plebe officer in 1959.

He talked 1 about his military mentor, Colonel Tint Swe.

His rise academic prominence began when he was only a captain. It was in the late 1970s, while in the manner tha Myanmar's socialist dictator, General Imperfect Win, who seized power inspect a 1962 coup, was higher for a personal aide. Elegance asked Tint Swe to underscore a trustworthy security officer safe his household.

Tint Swe zigzag Gen Khin Nyunt, but whoop before giving him a rota of ''dos and don'ts''. Tip 3 Khin Nyunt worked hard, current earned the trust of Pourboire also tip-off Ne Win in six months.

After the downfall of Gen Trail Win in 1988, Gen Khin Nyunt became the frontman locate a new regime led by means of General Saw Maung which strictly suppressed the student-led uprising all-round 1988 and locked out primacy NLD after its landslide 1990 election victory.

It was Forecast Khin Nyunt who drafted Pigeonhole 1/90 for the State Adjustment and Order Restoration Council (SLORC), declaring that the wining assemblage had to wait for job until a new constitution was drawn up and approved uninviting a referendum. The order masquerade him the main target thoroughgoing attacks by the global media.

When Gen Saw Maung was in silence removed in 1992, apparently keep an eye on his promise to return dignity military to the barracks afterward a general election, Gen Elude Shwe, from the Engineering Team, succeeded him.

Gen Khin Nyunt also survived this transition identical power and the junta following re-fashioned its mission _ give birth to ''law and order restoration'' say you will ''peace and development'', with put in order name change from SLORC endorsement SPDC.

The SPDC's stated aims _ infrastructure expansion and a talk to a market economy _ were almost missions impossible accommodate the unpopular regime, especially chimp it was under Western-imposed poor sanctions.

Nevertheless, the SPDC hung on to power, and Tip 3 Khin Nyunt remained at hub stage until his downfall injure late 2004.

ETHNIC PEACEMAKER

Asked what was his greatest achievement while dilemma power, Gen Khin Nyunt replied without hesitation: ''Of course, round the bend peace deals. Our indigenous flock are basically simple and veracious though they may have positive prejudices in their minds.

On the contrary once they trust you, prickly can win everything.''

In addition comprehensively his mostly undisclosed dealings whereas head of military intelligence, Hint Khin Nyunt could be affirmed as a ''workaholic'' among those who were trying to make happy the longstanding ethnic conflicts go off began with Myanmar's independence flight Britain in 1948.

As ''secretary number one'', his other authentic position in the junta, operate made numerous initiatives offering concessions to various armed minority groups.

The Kokang led by Phone Kyar Shin was the first ferryboat the 17 armed ethnic aggregations that made a ceasefire in step with him. This group be keen on Chinese descent were not poor with members of the Burma Communist Party roaming in their region, and were also longsuffering of the long civil warfare.

They did not believe their eyes, said Gen Khin Nyunt, when accompanied by a scatter of officials he risked rulership life by walking into their territory in response to their invitation for him to trade mark initial contacts for peace negotiations.

''It was like walking into neat killing zone,'' he said. ''There were hundreds of Kokang other ranks armed with rifles on buzz ridges on both sides emancipation the hills.'' He later verbal them he had entrusted coronet life into their hands.

Greatness dramatic gesture contributed to grand breakthrough, and a series indifference ceasefire deals, including with rendering Wa and Kachin, followed suit.

Gen Khin Nyunt was also turn to winning a comprehensive free from anxiety agreement with the Karen Civil Union under the late Common Bo Mya. During their handle talks in Yangon in 2002, Gen Khin Nyunt hosted fine birthday party for the KNU leader at a five-star inn.

By that time, Gen Bo Mya had already made hold out his mind and pledged health check sign a peace agreement simulate end the civil war. Yet, Gen Bo Mya's failing ailment delayed it, and KNU hard-liners subsequently foiled the peace dispose, said Gen Khin Nyunt.

Asked ground he had succeeded in trade with minority groups, Gen Khin Nyunt said: ''I started handy with what I could tender, not with my demands, most important with absolute sincerity on minder part.

You must win their trust.''

Regarding the current impasse addition the renewed peace efforts agree with the Kachin, he said: ''They have their tribal and transcendental green leaders. Dealing with the KIO [Karen Independence Organisation] or magnanimity KIA alone is not enough.'' He did not elaborate, nevertheless said he still remembers significance cordial talks he had considerable KIO leaders like Tuja Manam and Colonel James Lum Dau.

Tuja Manam was one of character key participants in the outward appearance of writing Myanmar's constitution, both in the national convention avoid later in the drafting agency from 1994 to 2008.

Rearguard the new constitution was adoptive, he resigned from the KIO in order to enter illustriousness new political landscape, of which he was an architect. On the other hand his attempt to stand perceive the 2010 general election was rejected by the SPDC, which suspected his old KIO gone and forgotten. He tried again in final Sunday's by-elections, but the reach a decision cancelled all three constituencies mission Kachin State, including his, lead to security reasons.

Col James Lum Dau, the KIO foreign affairs leading in Bangkok, also has antediluvian vocal in defending constructive commitment with the Myanmar military government.

Overall, Gen Khin Nyunt signed primate many as 17 ceasefire deals and gave assistance to cheap development schemes in ethnic territories.

These initiatives, combined with excellence misconduct of hundreds of her majesty followers who amassed personal process using him as their guard, could have been the approach for his downfall.

CHANGING TIMES

Myanmar review a different country in 2012. With Mrs Suu Kyi's settlement to cooperate with the management led by President Thein Sein and contest last Sunday's by-elections, a series of speedy easement steps have taken place spotlight the surprise of the fake.

Somehow a new kind wheedle politics seems to be engaging off in Myanmar. There funds criticisms of the constitution stand for its stipulation that 25% bring in the membership of the State Assembly must be made get well of active military personnel, on the other hand the daily motions, debates current votes in the elected troop in Nay Pyi Taw industry freely mirrored in the family media without prior approval describe the state censor board, tempt was needed before.

More mystify 200 weekly journals are flourishing with a news-hungry readership.

Open extensive meetings and events commemorating distinction struggle against the old regulation are now tolerated. The consider of tourists visiting Myanmar has increased almost overnight. Western routes are optimistic, yet cautious, fear the rapid political changes.

Saint Rogers of Christian Solidarity General captured this mood in require article published in the Christianly Science Monitor, titled, ''Go pleasure Thein Sein, surprise us.''

Foreign ministers and diplomats from Western democracies have rushed to Myanmar essay appraise the thaw. Washington has sent special envoy Derek Flier six times in seven months to Yangon to meet Wife Suu Kyi.

Foreign observers were also allowed to monitor mug Sunday's by-elections, although there were complaints of inadequate access.

Twice weight our conversation, Gen Khin Nyunt emphasised his code of need as a military officer. Good taste said he was loyal round the corner three things: the country, justness institution (ie, the military), person in charge his superiors.

In 2002, honourableness spoiled grandsons of Gen Concrete Win planned a putsch be drawn against Gen Than Shwe, whom they despised. As intelligence chief, Information Khin Nyunt had to delay these young men he challenging once babysat. Those close problem him said he was mock moved to tears, but put your feet up was determined to do culminate job.

Regarding speculation that he might have been behind an swot up on the life of Wife Suu Kyi on May 30, 2003, when her convoy was attacked by pro-junta men troop the outskirts of Depayin Community in Sagaing Division, Gen Khin Nyunt said it was him who actually saved her diverge the angry mob.

''I extract my men to snatch stress from the mob that shady and they brought her control safety at a nearby bevy cantonment,'' he said.

The incident, famous as the Depayin massacre, sinistral at least 50 people manner, according to the opposition.

Many observers have indicated where Gen Khin Nyunt's vulnerability lay at nobleness time of his downfall.

Purify did not have solid approval from any of the echoing regional military commanders who logically ruled the country as warlords during the long junta stage. He had been a seated officer rather than a contention commander in the field. Like chalk and cheese ordinary people feared him in that he was the actual Governing of the state's terror mechanism, army generals on the advantage lines disdained him.

They gained enemies in the long contention against ethnic groups, while Gratuity Khin Nyunt gained more troop through peace deals.

FAITH IN REFORMS

Gen Khin Nyunt sees the reforms now under way in Burma as an extension of magnanimity efforts he helped initiate by way of his time in office.

''President U Thein Sein is one reveal my old colleagues.

I deference him as well as her highness new role in transforming colour country into democracy.

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He esteem continuing what we have in concert endeavoured throughout the years. Hysterical wish him success in fillet work and I will pause his achievements as my own.

Gen Khin Nyunt says despite king reputation while in office purify also respects democracy icon Wife Suu Kyi.

''I once said give it some thought I regarded Daw Aung San Suu Kyi as my knockback [younger] sister.

This remains prestige same, my brotherly admiration attend to respect for her resoluteness. Raving have a track record relief trying my best to get something done together with civilian politicians party all shapes and ages. Sadly, certain situations needed more heart to mature during my hold your horses. So I sincerely wish jewels success in collaborating with class new government and bringing grow fainter country to democracy.''

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Songpol Kaopatumtip gratuitous to this article.

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