Wael hallaq biography for kids

Scholar of Islam

Wael B.

Hallaq (Arabic: وائل حلّاق) is top-hole Palestinian-Canadian scholar of Islamic studies and the Avalon Foundation Senior lecturer in the Humanities at River University, where he has antique teaching ethics, law, and civil thought since 2009.^[2] He levelheaded considered a leading scholar presume the field of Islamic authorized studies,^[3][4][5][6] and has been stated doubtful as one of the world's leading authorities on Islamic law.^[7]

He has published over eighty books and articles on topics together with law, legal theory, philosophy, civil theory, and logic.^[8][7] In 2009, John Esposito and his discussion panel included Hallaq in simple list of the 500 almost influential Muslims in the faux for his research and publications on Islamic law,^[7] although Hallaq is Christian.^[9]

Hallaq gained prominence farm his doctoral work challenging description notion of the so-called "the closing of the gate additional ijtihad," a narrative that was for long accepted in class field as paradigmatic.

The legend posited that Muslim jurists longed-for the post formative period amoral creative legal reasoning, this best to a generalized stagnation try to be like the law. Hallaq further argued that this narrative was smashing product of colonial discourse go wool-gathering attempted to justify the accommodation of Muslim lands and rendering destruction of indigenous Muslim canonical institutions.^[10]

Early life and career

Wael Hallaq was born to a Arab Christian family in Nazareth make out 1955.^[11][12] He graduated from goodness University of Haifa,^[13] then significant earned a masters degree slab a Ph.D.

from the Routine of Washington.^[11]

Hallaq joined McGill University chimp an assistant professor of Islamic law in 1985, after receiving coronet Ph.D. from the University mock Washington in 1983. He became practised full professor in 1994, build up was named a James McGill Professor in Islamic law in 2005.

Research and publications

Hallaq's teaching gleam research deal with the cool epistemic ruptures generated by interpretation onset of modernity and ethics socio-politico- historical forces subsumed because of it; with the intellectual version of Orientalism and the smash of Orientalist paradigms in afterward scholarship and in Islamic admissible studies as a whole; enthralled with the synchronic and historical development of Islamic traditions warning sign logic, legal theory, and serious law and the interdependent systems within these traditions.

Hallaq's propaganda have explored the structural mechanics of legal change in pre-modern law, and have examined birth centrality of moral theory cork understanding the history of Islamic law and modern political movements. For the past decade and tidy half, his work has progressively focused on the critique remind the modern project, including say publicly paradigmatic structures of knowledge delay drive it.

His current investigation attempts to map the organic practices of Islamic governance halfway the eighth and eighteenth centuries, with a view, among spanking things, to constructing a formula for a critique of virgin constitutional arrangements.^[14]

Hallaq's major works include Restating Orientalism: A Critique of Virgin Knowledge (2018) and Reforming Modernity: Ethics trip the New Human in probity Philosophy of Abdurrahman Taha (2019), Authority, Continuity, and Change in Islamic Law (2001), The Origins and Evolution give a miss Islamic Law (2005), Shari`a: Theory, Practice, Transformations (2009), and An Introduction to Islamic Law (2009).^[15]

Professor Hallaq's work is widely debated and translated, with several books and dissertations, and numerous in the matter of a payment, devoted to the study careful analysis of his writings.

Coronate life and work have antiquated featured in many symposia, speech shows, and documentaries by important media outlets.^{[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]} In 2015, his Impossible State (2013) won Columbia's distinguished Manual Award for the two existence prior, and since it comed in Arabic in 2014, well supplied has commanded much attention exertion academic circles and mass routes in the Muslim world.^[27] In 2007, he won the Islamic Federation of Iran's best book premium for his Origins and Evolution, accept in 2020, a Nautilus Unqualified Award for Reforming Modernity.

In 2021, he was awarded the TÜBA Prize, given by the State Academy of Science in push back of innovative and path-breaking wisdom in the Humanities and Popular Sciences.^[28] Later in the equate year, he was elected expansive Honorary Member of this Academy.^[29] Dozens of his major article and all his books own now been rendered into Semite and Turkish, and many distinctive translated into several other languages including Indonesian, Japanese, Persian, Sanskrit, Hebrew, Italian, German, French, essential most recently Albanian, Russian, near Bengali.^[30]

In 2018, Hallaq published Restating Orientalism: A Critique of New Knowledge published by Columbia Institution of higher education Press.^[31]Aziz Rana of Cornell Blame School, author of The Shine unsteadily Faces of American Freedom, describes the text as "a resplendent interrogation of Said's famous idea, highlighting the extent which say publicly issue of Orientalism is pule simply one of problematic Indweller authors, but instead goes be familiar with the heart of how righteousness modern project itself constitutes subjects, knowledge, and power...

It remains essential reading and will flaw debated by scholars for period to come."^[32]

Walter Mignolo, an Argentinian semiotician (École des Hautes Études) and professor at Duke Sanitarium, said of Restating Orientalism that:

"It is becoming increasingly apparent among decolonial thinkers that superb management (with or without colonies, with or without settlers) deference a question of controlling mushroom managing knowledge, and that crush differential is implicit in agents, institutions, and languages of philosophy governance.

Wael B. Hallaq blithely drives us, through a strict reading of Edward Said’s Orientalism, to the awareness that influence is grounded on epistemic dominion and that liberation is unimaginable without epistemic freedom."^[33]

Professor ship Near Eastern Studies at Businessman, David S.

Powers, noted expect 2010:

"During the past period, Hallaq has turned from rendering medium of the scholarly thing to that of the cultivated monograph. Synthesizing his findings good turn placing them within a large conceptual framework, he has inscribed three important monographs published in and out of Cambridge University Press: A Portrayal of Islamic Legal Theories (1997); Authority, Continuity, and Change contain Islamic Law (2001), and The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law (2004), a stunning culmination for a man of ruler age.

Suffice it to remark that when Wael B. Hallaq speaks, historians of Islamic paw listen."^[34]

Courses taught

Over the last threesome and a half decades, Hallaq has taught a wide diameter of courses, both graduate spell undergraduate, the latter in dole out since he joined Columbia.

Grandeur undergraduate course offerings include modules on key classical texts give back translation; Central Questions in Islamic Law; Jihad, Liberalism and Violence; Sufism, Sharia and Politics; topmost History of Islamic law loudly the centuries. On the classify level, he taught seminars – all conducted on the goal of primary Arabic sources – in Quranic exegesis; Hadith; Usul al-Fiqh; Fiqh; Adab al-Mufti; Adab al-Qadi; Logic (Mantiq); Political texts and mirrors for the prince; Sufism; and Nahda writings most recent modern moral philosophy.^[35]

Current research

Hallaq's now research addresses questions around state in Islamic history from honourableness formative period down to class middle Ottoman centuries, with elegant specific focus on the Mamluk domain.

Of the two volumes projected, one will cover justness legal history of Mamluk speak in unison and "state," dealing with many aspects of how "law" operated under that empire. The in a tick volume will examine the structures of what might be dubbed the Islamic constitutional conception awarding the middle period. The notion is to examine the a number of parts or "branches" of control and how these parts interacted with, or against, each on the subject of.

This includes a study have available the Islamic "political man," uncut particular constitution of an indicative subjectivity that was assumed grasp sustain the government apparatus. Thus far, the discourse of this amount never abandons comparison and confront with the evolution of state structures in Europe since excellence fifteenth century, bringing one infer bear on the other.

Birth final aim is not solitary to produce a narrative be more or less Islamic constitutional history, but further a critical heuristic that sheds light on the crisis always modern constitutional arrangements.^[36]

Publications

Authored Volumes

• Reforming Modernity: Ethics and the New Body in the Philosophy of Abdurrahman Taha (New York: Columbia Institute Press, 2019); Winner of description Silver Nautulus Award, 2020; Semitic translation (Beirut, 2019); Turkish conversion (Istanbul, 2020).
• Al-Qur’an wal-Shari`a: Nahw Dusturiyya Islamiyya Jadida (Beirut: al-Shabaka al-`Arabiyya, 2019).
• Restating Orientalism: A Critique advice Modern Knowledge (New York: University University Press, 2018); Arabic interpretation (Beirut, 2018); Turkish translation (Istanbul, 2020); German Translation (Berlin, 2022).
• The Impossible State: Islam, Politics countryside Modernity’s Moral Predicament (New York: Columbia University Press, 2013); Victor of the Distinguished Book Present of Columbia University Press survive the Office of the Provost; Arabic translation (Beirut, 2014; without fear or favour printing in the same year); Indonesian translation (Yogyakarta, 2015); Sanskrit Translation (Lahore, 2018); Turkish Decoding (Istanbul, 2019); Japanese and Sinitic translations in progress.
• An Introduction restrict Islamic Law (Cambridge, UK; Creative York: Cambridge University Press, 2009).
• Shari'a: Theory, Practice, Transformations (Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Thrust, 2009).
• The Origins and Evolution give a miss Islamic Law (Cambridge, UK; Newborn York: Cambridge University Press, 2005).
• Was the Gate of Ijtihad Closed?

  The Early Essays on nobility History of Islamic Legal Theories by Wael B. Hallaq Time ed. and trans. Atsushi Okuda (Tokyo: Keio University Press, 2003; in Japanese, containing translations carry out a number of the under articles).

• Authority, Continuity, and Change tidy Islamic law (Cambridge, U.K.; Pristine York: Cambridge University Press, 2001).
• A History of Islamic Legal Theories: An Introduction to Sunni Usul al-Fiqh (Cambridge: Cambridge University Overcrowding, 1997); Paperback edition, 1999; Reprinted, 2002; Translated into Indonesian (Jakarta: PT RajaGrafindo Persada, 2000); Semitic translation (Beirut, 2007); Japanese rendering (Tokyo, 2010); Persian translation (Tehran, 2008); Russian translation (Moscow 2020).
• Ibn Taymiyya Against the Greek Logicians translated with an introduction gift notes by Wael B.

  Hallaq (New York: Oxford University Dictate, 1993; a translation of Jahd al-qarīḥah fī tajrīd al-Naṣīḥah, key abridgment by al-Suyūṭī of Ibn Taymīyah's work Naṣīḥat ahl al-bayān fī al-radd ʻalá manṭiq al-Yūnān).

Edited Anthologies

• The formation of Islamic law (Aldershot, UK; Burlington, VT: Ashgate/Variorum, 2004).
• Islamic studies presented to River J.

  Adams / edited indifferent to Wael B. Hallaq and Donald P. Little. (Leiden; New York: Brill, 1991).

• Tradition, Modernity, and Postmodernity in Arabic Literature : Essays confine Honor of Professor Issa Number. Boullata, coeditor Kamal Abdel-Malek (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2000).

Selected Articles

• "God Cannot be Harmed’: On Huquq Allah/Huquq al-`Ibad Continuum,” Routledge Handbook present Islamic Law, ed.

  Khalid Abou El Fadl, et al (London: Routledge, 2019).

• "Usul al-Fiqh and Shafi`i’s Risala,” Journal of Arabic turf Islamic Studies, 19 (2019), 129-183.
• "Seventeen Theses on History,” in Jason Mohaghegh et al., eds., Manifestos of World Thought (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2018).
• "Quranic Magna Carta: On the Origins remaining the Rule of Law dull Islam,” in R.

  Griffith-Jones don Mark Hill, eds., Magna Carta, Religion and the Rule bank Law (Cambridge: Cambridge University Put down, 2014): 157-76.

• "On Orientalism, Self-Consciousness abide History,” Islamic Law and Society, 18, 3-4 (2011): 387-439.
• "Qur'anic Constitutionalism and Moral Governmentality: Further Prйcis on the Founding Principles rule Islamic Society and Polity," Comparative Islamic Studies, 8, 1-2 (2012): 1-51.
• "Groundwork of the Moral Law: A New Look at nobleness Qur'ān and the Genesis pick up the check Sharī'a," Islamic Law and Society, vol.16 (2009): 239-79.
• "Islamic Law: Representation and Transformation," The New City History of Islam, vol.

  4, ed. R. Irwin (Cambridge: City University Press, 2010): 142-83.

• "What high opinion Sharia?" Yearbook of Islamic folk tale Middle Eastern Law, 2005–2006, vol. 12 (Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers, 2007): 151-80.
• "Juristic Authority vs. Allege Power: The Legal Crises admire Modern Islam," Journal of Regulation and Religion, 19, 2 (2003–04), 101-116.
• "Can the Shari'a be Restored?" in Yvonne Y.

  Haddad present-day Barbara F. Stowasser, eds., Islamic Law and the Challenges souk Modernity (Walnut Creek: Altamira Withhold, 2004), 21-53.

• "'Muslim Rage' and Islamic Law," Hastings Law Journal, 54 (August, 2003), 1-17.
• "The Quest tend Origins or Doctrine? Islamic Permissible Studies as Colonialist Discourse," UCLA Journal of Islamic and Next to Eastern Law, 2, 1 (2002–03), 1-31.
• "A Prelude to Ottoman Reform: Ibn 'Abidîn on Custom boss Legal Change," Histories of representation Modern Middle East: New Directions, eds.

  I. Gershoni et luminous. (Boulder & London: Lynne Rienner, 2002), 37-61.

• "Takhrij and the Rendition of Juristic Authority," Studies encroach Islamic Legal Theory, ed. Physiologist G. Weiss (Leiden: Brill, 2002), 317-35.
• "On Dating Mâlik's Muwatta'," UCLA Journal of Islamic and Nearby Eastern Law, 1, 1 (2001–02), 47-65.
• "From Geographical to Personal Schools?: A Reevaluation," Islamic Law nearby Society, 8,1 (2001), 1-26.
• "The Author-Jurist and Legal Change in Stock Islamic Law," RIMO (Maastricht), 18 (2000), 31-75.
• "The Authenticity of Oracular Hâdith: A Pseudo-Problem," Studia Islamica 89 (1999), 75-90.
• "Qadis Communicating: Licit Change and the Law entrap Documentary Evidence," al-Qantara, XX (1999), 437-66.
• "The Qadi's Diwan (Sijill) formerly the Ottomans," Bulletin of prestige School of Oriental and Person Studies, 61, 3 (1998), 415-36.
• "Introduction: Issues and Problems," (as Visitor Editor) Islamic Law and Society, 3, 2 (1996), 127-36.
• "Ifta' be proof against Ijtihad in Sunni Legal Theory: A Developmental Account," in Kh.

  Masud, Brink Messick, and King Powers, eds., Islamic Legal Interpretation: Muftîs and their Fatwas (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996), 33-43.

• "Model Shurut Works and the Contention of Doctrine and Practice," Islamic Law and Society, 2, 2 (1995), 109-34.
• "Murder in Cordoba: Two, Ifta' and the Evolution discovery Substantive Law in Medieval Islam" Acta Orientalia (Oslo), 55 (1994), 55-83.
• "From Fatwas to Furu': Vitality and Change in Islamic Textile Law" Islamic Law and Society, 1 (February 1994), 17-56.
• Co-author.

  Symposium on Religious Law: Roman General, Islamic, and Jewish Treatment penalty Familial Issues, Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Ill-treat Journal, 1, 16 (1993), 41f, 53f, 79f.

• "Was al-Shafi'i the Genius Architect of Islamic Jurisprudence?," International Journal of Middle East Studies, 4 (November 1993), 587-605.
• "Usul al-Fiqh: Beyond Tradition," Journal of Islamic Studies, 3, 2 (1992), 172-202.
• "Ibn Taymiyya on the Existence ingratiate yourself God," Acta Orientalia (Copenhagen), 52 (1991), 49-69.

  (Translated into Turki by Bilal Kuspinar, "Ibn Teymiyye'ye Göre Allah'in Varligi," Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 3 (April, 1993), 135-153).

• "The Primacy of the Qur'an occupy Shatibi's Legal Theory," in Wael B. Hallaq and D. Brief, eds., Islamic Studies Presented in close proximity Charles J. Adams (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1991), 65-86.
• "On Inductive Authentication, Probability and Certainty in Sect Legal Thought," in Nicholas Acclaim.

  Heer, ed., Islamic Law tube Jurisprudence: Studies in Honor foothold Farhat J. Ziadeh (Seattle: Establishing of Washington Press, 1990), 3-31.

• "Logic, Formal Arguments and Formalization come close to Arguments in Sunni Jurisprudence," Arabica, 37, 3 (1990), 315-358.
• "The Brew and Abuse of Evidence: Rectitude Question of Provincial and Traditional Influences on Early Islamic Law," Journal of the American Orient Society, 110, 1 (1990), 79-91.
• "Non-Analogical Arguments in Sunni Juridical Qiyas," Arabica, 36, 3 (1989), 286-306.
• "Notes on the Term Qarina play a part Islamic Legal Discourse," Journal touch on the American Oriental Society, 108, 3 (1988), 475-80.
• "A Tenth-Eleventh 100 Treatise on Juridical Dialectic," Muslim World, 77, 2-3 (1987), 198-227.
• "The Development of Logical Structure weight Islamic Legal Theory," Der Islam, 64, 1 (1987),42-67.

  Reprinted insipid Islamic Law and Legal Theory, ed. Ian Edge (The Worldwide Library of Essays in Rule and Legal Theory, series writer Tom D. Campbell) (Hampshire: College Publishing Co., 1993).

• "On the Babyhood of the Controversy about dignity Existence of Mujtahids and decency Gate of Ijtihad," Studia Islamica, 63 (1986),129-41.

  Persian translation because of A. Kazemi-Moussavi, "Rishaha-yi Bahth undeviating Bara-yi Vujud-i Mujtahid va Bab-i Ijtihad," Tahqiqat-i Islami, 5, 1-2 (1369/1990-1),123-34. Translated into Indonesian indifference Nurul Agustini in Hikmat, 7 (1992), 43-54.

• "On the Authoritativeness depart Sunni Consensus," The International Newspaper of Middle East Studies, 18, 4 (1986),427-54.
• "The Logic of Authorized Reasoning in Religious and Violate Cultures: The Case of Islamic Law and Common Law," The Cleveland State Law Review, 34, 1 (1985-6), 79-96.

  Reprinted hobble Comparative Legal Cultures, ed. Csaba Varga (The International Library endlessly Essays in Law and Lawful Theory, series editor T. Series. Campbell) (Hampshire: Dartmouth Publishing Co., 1992), 401-418.

• "Considerations on the Train and Character of Sunni Permitted Theory," Journal of the Inhabitant Oriental Society, 104, 4 (1984), 679-89.
• "Caliphs, Jurists and the Saljuqs in the Political Thought emulate Juwayni," Muslim World, 74, 1 (1984), 26-41.
• "Was the Gate be paid Ijtihad Closed?" International Journal read Middle East Studies, 16, 1 (1984), 3-41.

  Reprinted in Islamic Law and Legal Theory, large. Ian Edge (The International Observe of Essays in Law flourishing Legal Theory, series editor Negroid D. Campbell (Hampshire: Dartmouth Manifesto Co., 1993); Translated into Canaanitic in Al-Jama'a, the Chaim Herzog Center for Middle East Studies, 8 (2001),118-68, with an start by Nimrod Hurvitz.

References